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Using SWAT to enhance watershed-based plans to meet numeric water quality standards

机译：使用sWaT加强基于流域的计划，以满足数字水质标准

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The number of states that have adopted numeric nutrient water-quality standards has increased to 23, up from ten in 1998. One state with both stream and reservoir phosphorus (P) numeric water-quality standards is Oklahoma. There were two primary objectives of this research: (1) determine if Oklahoma was meeting the stream and reservoir numeric water-quality standards in the Illinois River and Eucha–Spavinaw watersheds, respectively and (2) identify various combinations of management practices required to meet the water-quality standards. A Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was developed for each watershed. After runoff and P calibration and validation, each model was used to determine if the numeric water-quality standards were exceeded. Due to recent land management changes in the Eucha–Spavinaw watershed, Oklahoma was meeting the established water quality standard, 0.0168 mg L-1 total P in Lake Eucha. Although extensive efforts to reduce P loads have been conducted in the last decade in the Illinois River watershed, a large quantity of P is still reaching the streams and Tenkiller Ferry Lake in the Illinois River watershed. The model was used to identify a combination of potential land management practices in Oklahoma to meet to meet the water-quality standard, 0.037 mg L-1 total P, in three of Oklahoma’s designated Scenic Rivers: the Illinois River, Barren Fork Creek and Flint Creek. With recent reductions in poultry litter application and improvements in municipal waste water treatment plants, future conservation practices need to focus on cattle production and elevated soil test P. This research illustrated how a watershed model can provide critical information for watershed-based plans to address numeric water-quality standards.
机译：采用数字营养水质标准的州数量已从1998年的10个增加到23个。俄克拉荷马州是同时具有河流和储集层磷（P）数字水质标准的一个州。这项研究有两个主要目标：（1）确定俄克拉何马州是否分别满足伊利诺伊河和Eucha-Spavinaw流域的河流和水库数字水质标准，（2）确定满足这些要求的各种管理实践组合水质标准。针对每个流域开发了土壤和水评估工具（SWAT）模型。经过径流，磷校准和验证后，使用每个模型来确定是否超出了数字水质标准。由于最近在Eucha–Spavinaw流域的土地管理发生变化，俄克拉荷马州已达到既定的水质标准，Eucha湖的总磷为0.0168 mg L-1。尽管在过去的十年中，伊利诺伊河流域为减少磷负荷进行了广泛的努力，但仍有大量磷流向伊利诺伊河流域的溪流和Tenkiller Ferry湖。该模型用于确定俄克拉何马州潜在的土地管理实践的组合，以满足俄克拉荷马州指定的三条风景秀丽河流中伊利诺伊河，巴伦福克克里克和弗林特的三处指定水域的水质标准，即总磷0.037 mg L-1溪。随着最近家禽垫料的减少和市政废水处理厂的改进，未来的保护实践需要集中在牛的生产和高土壤测试P上。这项研究说明了分水岭模型如何为基于分水岭的计划提供重要信息，以解决数值问题。水质标准。

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